The dos and donts of prescription drugs

People often think that prescription and over-the-counter drugs are safer than illicit drugs, but that's only true when they are taken exactly as prescribed and for the purpose intended.

When abused, prescription and OTC drugs can be addictive and put people at risk for adverse health effects, including overdose-especially when taken along with other drugs or alcohol.

The National Institute on Drug Abuse states that the classes of prescription drugs most commonly abused are: opioid pain relievers, such as Vicodin or Oxycontin; stimulants for treating Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, such as Adderall, Concerta, or Ritalin; and central nervous system depressants for relieving anxiety, such as Valium or Xanax. OTC drugs most commonly abused are cough and cold remedies containing dextromethorphan. The Army's Drug Testing Program includes testing for all of the most common abused prescription drugs.

Long-term use of opioids, stimulants, or central nervous system depressants, can lead to physical dependence and addiction. Opioids can produce drowsiness, constipation and, depending on amount taken, can depress breathing. Central nervous system depressants slow down brain function, and if combined with alcohol or other medications that cause drowsiness, both heart rate and respiration can become dangerously low. Taken repeatedly or in high doses, stimulants can cause anxiety, paranoia, dangerously high body temperatures, irregular heartbeat, and seizures.

The Department of Defense and Army policies state that individuals who are identified as positive for controlled substances for which they do not have a valid prescription may be considered in violation of the uniform code of the military justice for drug misuse/abuse, subjecting a career to Court Martial or Article 15 proceedings.

Prescription drugs are abused when they are used outside their intended purpose for any reason, used beyond their prescribed date, or used in excess of the prescribed dosing regimen. Using another individual's prescribed medications, such as medication belonging to family members, co-workers, friends, neighbors, etc, is also considered abuse.

Anyone who has medication remaining from an expired prescription should not use the medication. Such drugs should be submitted for disposal and never flushed into the septic system. Flushed medications can contaminate the water supply and reservoirs.

Fort Detrick will host a Prescription Drug Take-Back Day Sept. 29 providing an official drop off site for expired prescriptions and OTC drugs.

Soldiers seeking substance abuse counseling can talk to their doctor, chain of command, or self-refer to the Army Substance Abuse Program. ASAP stands ready to assist soldiers, if needed, through rehabilitation and/or the Employee Assistance Program. EAP is available to all civilian employees, military and civilian employee family members, military and civilian retirees and their family members. For more information contact EAP at 301-619-4657.

Only use prescription medications as directed by your doctor, and be aware of the interaction of the prescription drug with alcohol and sun exposure. Talk to your pharmacist or medical doctor about any concerns, before taking a prescription.

Stay educated and safe during the 100 Days of Summer; don't let prescription drugs or alcohol ruin the fun.